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从卑诗向国外买家征税看中国富豪之悲哀

B.C. taxing on foreign buyers puts spotlight on the vulnerabilities of Chinese wealthy
来源: 大中报 南茜(Nancy Jin)
中国经济腾飞二十年创造出惊人财富,但缺乏安全感导致中国很大一部分财富流失海外。目前,数百万中国超级富豪寻觅海外投资避风港。 这一浪潮不但催生了其足迹遍及东南亚延乃至北美海外华裔群体,还导致数万亿美元巨额海外投资涌向他国。

Two decades of China’s economic boom has created tremendous wealth, but fear of wealth loss has led a significant portion of it has flown into foreign countries. Today, hundreds of millions of Chinese superrich seek safe investment havens overseas, creating a foreign diaspora that extends from South East Asia to North America, and generating a large investment outflow in the amount of trillions of dollars.

掌握如此巨额财富本可让中国超级富豪们在海外拥有庞大的经济和政治力量,使得他们有能力控制其他国家的经济和政治命运。但事实上,他们惊人的财富却常常引起不必要的关注和他人的嫉妒。纵观历史,海外华人常常会因为手中的财富而被卷入各国掀起的愤怒风暴之中,或成为外国政府打压的目标。

Such amount of wealth should have brought them tremendous economic and political power overseas, allowing them to control the economic and political fate in the foreign countries. But in fact, their considerable wealth often evokes unwanted attention and jealousy. Throughout history, the wealth of overseas Chinese has put them at the centre of angry storms from coast to coast, and left them at the target of foreign government crackdowns. 

近年来,大量中国资金源源不断地涌入温哥华和多伦多房市。据《麦克琳》杂志报道,2015年中国买家在温哥华购置了总值高达近$120亿元的房产,占到温市房屋销售额的33%。但是,这些巨额投资亦引起当地居民的愤慨,他们指责中国投资者为推高当地房价,导致卑诗省的一些城市陷入住房负担能力危机的罪魁。

In the recent years, a large amount of Chinese money has flooded into Vancouver and Toronto housing markets. According to MacLean’s, Chinese buyers reportedly shelled out nearly $12 billion on real estate in Vancouver in 2015, accounting for 33 per cent of the city’s housing sales. But these investments have left Chinese investors at the receiving end of an angry outburst that accuses them of having contributed to the inflation of property values and caused affordability housing crisis in the B.C. cities.
 
随着当地社区的强烈不满情绪在近期增至白热化,卑诗省府针对以中国投资者为主的国外买家开征新税,要求他们缴纳15%物业转让税。

Amid a strong resentment in the local community that recently reached a fever pitch, the B.C. government took a move to tax on the foreign buyers – mostly Chinese, requesting them to pay 15 percent property transfer tax. 

但奥斯古德法学院副教授Sean ReHaag指出,由于该项旨在遏制中国投资者的征税政策是针对由公民身份所限定的特殊群体而实施的,因此这一做法有违人权宪章,不合法。Rehagge同时称,该项政策是加拿大对华裔施行的漫长而不幸的歧视传统例证之一,与历史上臭名昭著的旨在限制华裔参与加拿大经济进程的人头税法如出一辙。

According to Sean ReHaag, associate prof at Osgood Hall law school, the legislation that attacks Chinese nationals is unlawful as it applied exclusively to a group defined by citizenship -- one of the prohibited grounds under the Canadian Charter of Rights. The legislation is part of a long unfortunate tradition of discrimination against Chinese, says Rehagge, and closely parallels the infamous head tax law in history that restricted Chinese involvement in the Canadian economy. 

在马来西亚,中国富豪亦引发当地马来人的强烈不满。由于马来西亚的大部分超级富豪都有中国血统,并且华裔的平均每月总收入远远高于其他族裔群体,右翼团体常常抱怨称国家经济落入华裔掌控之中,并鼓励马来裔抱着马来人当头的理念团结起来对抗华裔的掌控。

In Malaysia, wealthy Chinese has become main source of dissatisfaction for ethnic Malays. As the majority of the Malaysia’s richest are of Chinese descent, and the average monthly gross income for the Chinese is much higher than that of any ethnic groups, right-wing groups often complain about a Chinese take-over of the country’s economy, and encourage ethnic Malays to unite under the idea of Malay pre-eminence to fight against the Chinese domination. 

在1990年代,中国富豪曾在印尼陷入更具毁灭性的困境,当时爆发的社会动荡导致成千上万华裔被残杀,他们的店铺、住房和家庭也都毁于一旦。尽管华裔在之前的30年里为印尼的经济发展做出了重要贡献,该国很大一部分GDP成果都是由华裔创造,但印尼政府却未能为弱势华裔提供安全保护,而是任由他们被暴民肆虐。

The Chinese wealthy suffered even more devastating plight in Indonesia back in 1990s, when a social unrest erupted that killed hundreds of thousands of ethnic Chinese and destroyed their shops, homes and families. In spite of their economic contribution to Indonesia for three decades, where Chinese had a significant large share of the country’s GDP, Indonesian authorities failed to provide security and protection to the vulnerable Chinese, leaving them at the mercy of the unruly mob. 

很显然,海外华裔所拥有的经济财富并没有能使他们的政治权力或社会地位得到升迁,反而使他们成为嫉恨和鄙视的对象,让他们在国外时有遭遇歧视甚至迫害。他们手中的巨额财富非其福祉,却为祸根。

Apparently, the economic wealth of overseas Chinese does not give rise to their political power or social status. Their wealth has put them in the crosshair of envy and scorn, leaving them sporadically being discriminated against and victimized in their foreign countries. Their financial status often become a bane, instead of boon, and a curse instead of blessing.  

随着温哥华房市争议愈演愈烈,很多海外投资者深感不解,为什么在加国房产主以其难以置信的高房价将房屋出售后,会怒气冲冲,并将矛头对准中国投资者。而卑诗省推出的新税制则旗帜鲜明地告诉这些中国富豪们:这个自诩为全球最为多元化国家的加拿大并不欢迎他们的财富。

As Vancouver housing controversy escalates, Chinese foreign investors wonder why they are the focus of anger over a housing market where many Canadians realized sale prices beyond their wildest dreams. But the new tax law in B.C. gives an undeniable indication that their wealth is not welcome in Canada, a country that touts the best multicultural society in the world. 
 
 
 
 

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