中国加强传媒干预 恐惧笼罩海外华媒

在过去十年里，中国政府一直在想方设法加强对国外媒体的管制和审查，试图利用宣传工具掌控海外侨民。随着中国政府不断强化其媒体审查制度，敢于批评中国的海外华媒都面临日益凸显的经济制裁威胁，在进行新闻报道时也会遭遇重重阻碍。

Over the past decade, the Chinese government has strengthened its effort in tightening media censorship in foreign countries, trying to use the propaganda machine targeting the overseas diaspora. As the Chinese government increasingly flexes its media censorship muscles, overseas Chinese media that dares to put China under scrutiny faces the looming threat of financial backlash, and a host of other obstacles in practising journalism. 

中国政府的行为已经引起主流媒体的不满。2013年，美国自由之家研究分析家Sarah Cook发表了名为《长长的阴影：中共审查制度如何影响全球媒体》的研究报告，揭示了中国的影响力正在不断向全球新闻编辑部渗透。

Chinese government’s effort has raised eyebrows of mainstream media. In 2013, Sarah Cook, Freedom House research analyst published her research report, “The Long shadow of Chinese censorship: How Chinese media restrictions affect news outlets around the world,” revealing the China Factor had existed in the newsroom around the world.

随着中国发展为世界第二大经济体，中国政府不断发挥越来越大的影响力，并将其媒体审查触角延伸至海外的媒体。《环球邮报》在几周前曾报道称，加拿大华媒《环球华报》因为迫于压力而不得不取消了一位华裔作者的专栏,只因该作者曾发文批评因加拿大记者质疑中国人权问题而当场发飙的王毅和为中国人权现状辩护的陈国治。

As China’s economy grows into the second largest in the world, the Chinese government has increasingly exerted its influences and extended its censorship tentacles in overseas media.   A few weeks ago, the Globe published a report revealing that a Chinese writer lost his column in Global Chinese Press, after the paper was pressured over his criticism of Mr. Wang Yi -- who lashed out at a Canadian reporter for asking question about human rights issue in China -- and Mr. Michael Chan, the Ontario cabinet Minister who defended China’s human rights record. 

一年前，多伦多一家华文报纸的主编亦疑因发文批评陈国治而被解雇。

A year ago, the editor in chief of a Chinese paper in Toronto was allegedly fired for publishing articles criticizing Chan. 

《大中报》发行人贾宁扬在接受《纽约时报》采访时称：“近年来中国的影响力越来越大，中国政府欲控制一切。”

“China’s influence has grown stronger and stronger in recent years,” Jack Jia, publisher of this paper, said in an interview with the Times. “They want to control everything.”

在特鲁多总理开始对中国展开为期一周的正式访问之前，《纽约时报》发表名为《中国日益增长的影响力让加拿大华人忧恐言论自由》一文，报道了中国专制政府不断扩展的影响力是如何在海外媒体中催生恐惧文化，并导致加拿大人极为重视的言论自由价值观面临遭侵蚀的风险。

Before PM Trudeau started his week-long official visit to China, New York Times published an article “Chinese Canadians fear China’s rising clout is muzzling them” shedding light on how the growing influence of the authoritarian government has created a culture of fear in the overseas media, threatening to erode the Canadian value of free speech. 

《纽约时报》的《中国日益增长的影响力反让加拿大华人忧言论自由》一文采访了加国华裔社区内的包括贾宁扬在内的华裔媒体人士。贾宁扬在采访中表示，迫于经济压力，很多华裔媒体被迫进行自我控制，并且大部分媒体似乎都在完全避免可能激怒中国领导人的报道。

The article interviewed Chinese language journalists and media executives in the community – including Jia, who believes that the economic pressure has led to the prevalent self-censorship in the media outlets, most of them appearing to avoid reporting that would anger China’s leaders altogether.

《大中报》因曾提出有关新疆和西藏等敏感和富有争议的话题后，就被中国驻多伦多的领馆举办的记者招待会和年度庆典活动拒之门外。

Chinese News was shut out from press conferences and annual gala held by the Chinese Consulate in Toronto, after it had raised tough questions about the sensitive and controversial issues over Tibetan and XinJiang. 

贾宁扬在接受多伦多AM640电台的采访时表示: “他们的行动表明《大中报》是不受欢迎的。”

“They use the body language to tell us that we are not welcome,” said Jia in an interview with AM640 talk show on Trudeau’s visit to China on Tuesday. 

尽管面临巨大压力，《大中报》一直是多伦多华裔社区内为数不多的敢于直言批评中国的媒体之一，为此本报也因此听到了一些社区读者的激烈评论。这其中除了负面仇恨言论，还有人警告称发文批评中国会导致广告收入缩水，可能会危及本报的生存底线。

Despite the pressure, Chinese News is among a few media outlets in the Toronto Chinese community that has remained outspoken about China, for which the paper has received heated response from the community readers. Apart from objections from some hated comments, there are warnings about the financial fallouts of its reporting on China that may threaten the papers’ bottom line. 

一名读者就警告称：“中国政府希望绝对忠诚，并要求海外的媒体照其旨意行事，任何负面报道都有可能导致贵报陷入麻烦……包括可能会遭到一些支持北京的广告机构的抵制，他们会有意选择不在贵报做广告。”

“The Chinese government wants absolute loyalty and demands overseas media deference, and any negative reporting may get your paper into trouble…  There might be boycott from pro-Beijing advertising agencies that intentionally do not choose your paper to advertise,” warned one of the readers.

但是，《大中报》绝不会因压力而沉默，并会继续坚定不移地推崇加拿大的言论自由价值观。本报编辑部在上周发表的《为什么〈大中报〉推崇“反叛新闻”精神》一文中已清楚表明，我们希望遵循新闻行业最高标准履行服务大众的媒体使命。

But Chinese News has refused to be silenced and is adamant about upholding Canadian values of free speech. It published an article by the editorial board last week “why Chinese News believes in critical journalism”, clearly expressing its desires to serve and influence the public by holding itself to the highest journalist standard.   

加拿大政府亦就坚持言论自由价值观表达了强硬的支持立场。在被《纽约时报》问及有关北京对加拿大华人施压的不满时，外长迪安表示，他和特鲁多都强烈地反对任何压制加拿大公众舆论的企图。但是随着对中国与日俱增的影响力的恐惧感加深，及华裔社区媒体面临越来越多挑战，联邦政府将会采取哪些措施去支持那些拒绝被封口的媒体尚不可知。

And the Canadian government has also expressed its strong stance in upholding the value of free speech. Asked by the Times about complaints that Beijing was putting pressure on Chinese Canadians, Mr. Dion says he and Mr. Trudeau were very strongly against any attempt to muzzle public opinion in Canada. But amid the growing fear of China’s clout and the challenges faced by the Chinese community media, it remains to be seen what steps the government will take to support ethnic media outlets that have refused to be muzzled.

贾宁扬表示：“我们希望他们不仅嘴上谈兵，还应身体力行。” 

“We want them not to talk the talk, but also walk the walk,” said Jia.