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力争金牌 中国大学跻身全球排名金榜

Driven by Olympic obsession, Chinese universities break into top global rankings
来源: 大中报 南茜(Nancy Jin)
在最近公布的2016年泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中,两所中国高校——北京大学和清华大学排名均呈双位数字上升,赶超了多所世界顶尖大学。排名分类指标显示,北大和清华在教学及研究这两项指标上的得分都呈双位数增长, 两项指标各占总评分的30%。

In a recently released university global ranking – the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2016, two Chinese universities -- Beijing University and Tsing Hua University – jumped in rank by double digits to overtake several top global elites. According to the ranking performance breakdown, Beijing and Tsing Hua made double digit gains in both teaching and research – each making up 30 per cent of overall ranking score.

这一全球大学排名也被称之为高等教育界的艾美奖和奥运会。位居榜首的大学因此所获的荣耀、声望和国际认可可与奥运奖牌得主相媲美。对于运动员来说,有了奥运会奖牌就可以轻松揽获大量高额背书,迎来运动生涯良机并进入名人堂。而对于大学来说,排名居首则可以打开全球知名度,带来行业资助并提升自身竞争优势以招募更多顶尖人才。

The prominent ranking is called the Emmys, the Olympics of the university world. Getting into top tires in ranking can bring glory, prestige and acknowledgement to the universities comparable to what the Olympic medal winners enjoy. For athletes, Olympic medals open the flood gate of lucrative endorsements, opportunities in sports career and positions in hall of fame. For universities, top rankings bring global visibility, industry funding and competitive edge to recruit the best and top talents. 

众所周知,痴迷于奥运奖牌的中国近年来一直在力争奥运会上的每一块金牌,并且在金牌和奖牌总数排名上都实现了巨大飞跃。为了成为全球体育竞赛中的强者,中国曾实施激进的“卓越计划”。最终,曾在历史上被称为“东亚病夫”的中国终于在近代奥运会的金牌和奖牌总数排行榜上雄踞榜首。

China, known for its deep obsession with Olympic medals has been striving for every piece of gold in Olympic Games in recent years, leaping ahead with huge achievements in both gold and overall medal ranking.  It has adopted the aggressive “excellence initiative” in order to become a serious contender in the global sport competition. China, once dubbed “sick men of Asia” in history, has made to the top spots in both gold and total medal table in Olympic Games in recent history. 
 
和努力确保奥运辉煌战绩一样,中国亦渴望争得大学排名佳绩。尽管中国曾远远落后世界发达国家几十年,但其一直致力于通过大量投资和种种不懈的努力促进教育行业发展,以提高科研产出、学生入学率和毕业生就业率。最终,中国在世界大学排名金榜中的地位直线上升,并赢得了泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名中进步最大的国家的称号。据某些衡量指标, 中国大学已经超过G7国家的许多大学,其中亦包括加拿大的卑诗大学和麦吉尔大学。 

China’s desire to gain elite status in global university rankings is parallel to its drive to secure a strong finish in Olympic games. Despite the fact that China had fallen far behind the world’s elites for decades, it has devoted vast resources and tremendous efforts to the education industry to improve research output, students’ enrolment levels and graduates’ employment rates.  As a result, China has shown great improvement in global university ranking, earning the bragging right of being the most-improved country in Times university ranking table.  By some measures, it has already surpassed a number of universities in G7 countries – including UBC and McGill from Canada. 

此外,中国也是BRICA国家中表现最出色的国家。据相关报告称,在2014年的新兴国家一流研究型大学排名中,中国有23所大学跻身前100名。在2015年的排名中,中国又有四所高校入围,最终共有27所大学跻身新兴国家一流研究型大学前100名。与此同时,中国大学在该排行榜中一直雄踞榜首,其中北京大学位居第一,清华大学位列第二。

China is also the most outstanding achiever among BRICA countries. According to reports, in 2014 ranking of leading research universities in emerging countries, China took 23 of the top 100 places. In 2015, it took four additional places, taking its total to 27. China also retains its place at the top of the table, with Peking University holding on to the first place and Tsinghua University second place.  
 
但无论是奥运奖牌还是世界大学排名的竞争都有其阴暗面。在巨大贪欲的驱使下,商业利益逐渐成为运动员奋力赢取奖牌以及高校力争排行榜首的主要追逐目标。中国奥运代表团一直不乏兴奋剂丑闻,中国学术界也不断爆出研究成果造假和伪造同行评审等严重违规行为。

But both Olympics and the Global university ranking competition share a dark side. In the insatiable desire to win the medals and earn top rankings, commercial gains would dominate the players’ agenda. Doping runs rampant in Chinese Olympic teams; China’s academic industry is also plagued with serious wrongdoings -- from fake research results to fabricated peer reviews. 

据世界顶尖医学杂志《柳叶刀》的编辑称,即便是来自中国最知名大学的研究成果论文也常常难逃剽窃、代笔和捏造之嫌。据《华盛顿邮报》称,医学和科学学术文章的主要出版商BioMed Central曾因“伪造”同行评审撤回43篇论文。被撤文章的部分名单显示其中大部分发文作者都是中国大学的学者。

According to the editors of Lance, a top medical journal, the research results, even those from China’s most prestigious universities, have been too often compromised by plagiarism, ghost writing and fabrications. According to the Washington Post, a BioMed Central, a major publisher of scholarly medical and science articles has retracted 43 papers because of “fabricated” peer reviews. A partial list of the retracted articles suggests most of them were written by scholars at universities in China. 

尽管中国在奥运会上拿奖牌拿到手软,但兴奋剂丑闻却令其世界体育强国形象蒙污。同样,尽管中国的科研成果意义重大,但中国科研文化界盛行的剽窃伪造之风亦严重损害了其科学可信度。很显然,如果取胜变成了不惜一切代价都要达成的唯一目标,那声誉名望终将化为耻辱和悔恨。

Despite China’s dazzling medal count in Olympic Games, the doping scandals have negatively affected the country’s image as the world sports superpower. Likewise, the plagiarism and fraud in China’s research culture has also seriously marred its scientific credibility, despite its significant magnitude in China’s scientific contributions. Apparently, if winning has become the only goal to be achieved at any cost, the pursuit of prestige and fame will inevitably end in disgrace and shame.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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