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福特的安省保守党政府对劳工法做了哪些改革?

What have been changed in labor laws by Ontario PC government?
来源: Bob Mok

 
2017年底,为了吸引选票以赢得连任,当时的自由党省政府抛出了第148号法案(此法案称为:公平工作场所,工资更高)。

In late 2017, as part of their scheme for attracting votes to win a re-election, the then Liberal Provincial government brought forward the Bill#148 (The Fair Workplaces, Better Jobs Act).

许多人只记得这项法案中引人注目的部分,即2018年初法定最低工资增加到每小时14元,2019年进一步增加到15元。实际上,这项法律还有许多其他条款。这些条款会影响雇主的业务运作,使他们难以生存。

Many will remember only the eye-catching part of this legislation, namely the increase of the minimum wage amount to $14 at the start of 2018 and a further increase to $15 in 2019. In effect, there were many other changes associated with this law that would affect the business operations for the employers and making it difficult for their survival.

 
该法案声称可以更好地保护临时工或合同工,包括临时工与全职工同工同酬,增加雇员休假权利,给予个人紧急事假,以及让工作场所更容易成立工会。

The Act claimed to better protect part-time or contract workers, which also included equal pay for part-time workers, increased vacation entitlements,  expanded personal emergency leave, and easier unionization at the work place.

安省选民没有接受安省自由党的这些“糖衣炮弹”。大选后,安省自由党丢失了“正式党派”的地位。福特的安省保守党组成了多数政府,并立即采取措施,评估省府的赤字状况,同时开始纠正安省自由党十年左倾政策所造成的损失。保守党政府现在准备废除前自由党的148法案,并让每个人都知道“安省欢迎你来做生意”。

All of the “candy giving” attempts to get re-elected were rejected by the voters and the Liberal party was reduced to “non-party” status at the Ontario Parliament. The Ford PC party forms the majority government and immediately takes steps to take stock of the deficit conditions and to repair the damages done by the decade of left-leaning policies of the departed Liberals. It is now ready to repeal Bill#148 and let every one know that “Ontario is open for business again”.

 
根据福特政府提出的立法,工人将失去带薪病假,工人成立工会将更加困难。最重要的是,政府计划取消明年1月1日的15元最低工资的增加。这也是福特的竞选承诺。

Under the government’s proposed legislation, workers will lose paid sick days and it will be harder for workers to unionize. To top it all off, the government is planning to cancel the $15 minimum wage increase set for January 1 – an election promise to be kept.
 
但不是148法案的所有条款都将被废除。该法案的主要变化如下:
Not all parts of the Act are repealed. The major changes are detailed below:

个人紧急事假
Personal emergency leave

修改前:第148号法案规定所有工人每年因疾病,受伤或其他紧急情况而可以依法享受10个“个人紧急休假日”,包括两个带薪休假日。雇员不需要向雇主提供任何证明就可以告假。这种请假模式很容易被人滥用。



Before: Bill 148 provided all workers with 10 “personal emergency leave days” for illness, injury or other emergencies each year, including two paid days of leave. There are no requirements for employees to present evidence to their employers to justify their claims for these days of leave. This unchecked model is susceptible to abuse by workers.

修改后:废除带薪病假并将紧急假期从10天减少到3天,员工可以享受2个奔丧日和3天的事假。新法律将赋予雇主可以要求工人拿出证据来请假,以防装病。

Now: The government is repealing paid sick days and reducing emergency leave from 10 days to three sick days, two bereavement days and three days for family responsibilities. The new law will give employers the power to demand evidence that workers aren’t faking an illness to get unpaid leave.

工作分类
Employee misclassification

 修改前:为了打击雇主不愿意提供稳定工作机会和其他剥削工人的行为,原148号法案禁止雇主将有些工人作为“自雇”。加拿大税局对“雇员与自雇”有明确的定义。这可能让148号法案与税法冲突。



Before: In a move to crack down on supposedly precarious work and other exploitative practices, Bill#148 prohibited employers from misclassifying their workers as self-employed “independent contractors.” Classification of “employee Vs contractor” has always been defined by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). This additional requirement may actually contravene CRA practices.

修改后:政府“废除了雇主必须证明一个工人是雇员还是自雇”,并将此问题由税局处理。税局将决定一个工人是自雇还是雇员。

Now:  The government is “repealing the requirement for the employer to prove that an individual is not an employee”, returning the responsibility solely back to CRA to challenge the employer if necessary, as before.

同工同酬
Equal pay for equal work

修改前:原148号法案要求雇主支付那些与全职工做几乎同样工作的临时工享受全职工一样的工资报酬(老雇员或按业绩获取报酬的人除外)。

Before: Bill#148 prohibited employers from paying one worker less than another if they are doing substantially the same job and use the same skills (with exceptions for seniority or performance pay).

 
修改后:雇主可以根据就业状况来支付临时工的工资,也就是说,雇主为了省钱,可以以更低的工资雇临时工来做全职员工一样的工作。

After: The government will repeal equal pay provisions based on employment status (part-time employment), effectively allowing employers to hire part-time help to do the same work as full-time employees for less pay.

目前有许多临时工临时顶替那些休假的全职工,或者临时顶替那些轮班的工人。这些临时工一般都只拿最低工资或低于全职工人的工资。许多雇主使用这种方法来减少工资的压力,直到业务量上升并雇佣全职工人。

There are many part-time workers currently working as supplementary help to fill in for full-time workers going on vacations or simply serve as a convenient resource pool for partial shifts. These part-time workers typically make minimum wages or wages less than those of full-time workers. Many employers use this method to minimize their head counts until they can increase their business volume and justify additional staff.
 
下一次,我们将继续讨论148号法案其他的变动部分。
Next time, we will continue to discuss the other parts of Bill #148 affected by the new changes。

 

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